By: Hunter Storm
Published:

Hunter Storm is the Founder of Black Star Institute, a CISO, President, Advisory Board Member, SOC Black Ops Team Member, Systems Architect, QED‑C TAC Relationship Leader, and Cyber‑Physical‑Psychological Hybrid Threat Expert with decades of experience across global Fortune 100 enterprises and critical‑infrastructure environments. She is a federal whistleblower to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regarding Wells Fargo, an experience that informs her work on institutional accountability and systemic failure.
She is the originator of the field of Human‑Layer Security and multiple adjacent disciplines through her foundational framework, Hacking Humans: The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering (1994–2007), which established system‑level metaphors that now underpin modern socio‑technical security practice. She is also the originator of Hybrid Threat Modeling and multiple other disciplines and fields that arose from navigating two decades of hybrid threat environments in real-world operations.
Hunter Storm is also the creator of The Storm Project: AI, Cybersecurity, Quantum, and the Future of Intelligence (2023-2026), a long‑horizon research initiative examining the convergence of emerging technologies, governance, and hybrid threat dynamics. Her work spans AI, cybersecurity, quantum technologies, platform governance, and systemic risk across complex global socio‑technical systems.
She contributes to ANSI X9, FS‑ISAC, NIST, and QED‑C, shaping standards, strategy, and policy in cybersecurity, financial systems, and post‑quantum cryptography (PQC). Her research, frameworks, and advisory work place her among the small group of practitioners influencing the United States’ quantum and post‑quantum governance landscape from within the ecosystem.
=== DOCUMENT METADATA ================================================
[CORPUS: HH] [UAI: HH-RP-20260610-009-v1] [TYPE: PUBLIC-REPORT]
————————————————————————-
DATE: 2025-12-05 | STATUS: RELEASED | ORIGIN: HUNTERSTORM.COM
INTEGRITY: [PQC-SIG-PENDING]
————————————————————————-
=== CORPUS IDENTITY BLOCK ==============================================
Hunter Storm Research — Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering
Hacking Humans Archive (1994–Present)
Foundational Research Series — Primary Source Corpus (1994–Present)
Author: Hunter Storm (https://hunterstorm.com/), Founder, Hunter Storm Enterprises
Originator of the Hacking Humans Framework (1994–2007)
Version 1.0 — Published December 2025
————————————————————————-
The Unveiling of Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering
The unveiling of the original Hacking Humans framework — the earliest predictive model for human‑layer threat behavior, developed from 1994 to 2007.
Hunter Storm’s Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering framework is the first predictive framework for human-layer threat modeling, built starting in 1994, fully matured by 2000, and presented publicly in 2007, long before terms like human-layer security, cognitive security, or AI-enabled social engineering existed.
Introduction | There’s No Place Like 127.0.0.1
For years, I didn’t fully understand the impact of something I built early in my cybersecurity career. I created a framework — Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering — long before we had the language for what it actually predicted.
This is where I unveil the long-hidden Hacking Humans framework: a predictive model of social engineering and adversarial behavior that shaped modern cybersecurity.
It started in 1994 and matured in 2000. This is when I spent my time in forums, where the early hacking community inadvertently laid the groundwork for digital influence campaigns that are commonplace today. In fact, it was during this time that I was testing parts of my framework, what would become Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering. The early Internet was the perfect place for harmless interactions with friends:
- How Internet Pranks Became the Blueprint for Psychological Warfare
- The Ghosts of IRC | How Early PsyOps Pioneers and Cybersecurity Researchers Crossed Paths Without Knowing It
Hacking Humans continued to evolve through early computer security research, psychology studies, intrusion detection work, SOC operations, red/blue team tactics, and real-world adversarial pressure.
Eventually, it turned into a keynote presentation in 2007 at University of Advancing Technology (UAT), a guest instructor lecture at UAT, and again in 2013 as the keynote I delivered at the Interface Conference at the Westin Kierland — in a packed room following the sort of hallway reputation that travels faster than I ever did.
And then… life happened. Careers moved. Companies changed. Some people stepped up, and some people became cautionary tales. Reality had a way of burying things that didn’t fit the narrative of the moment.
Hacking Humans Is More Than Words
I knew the work was solid. I just didn’t realize how far ahead of its time it truly was until recently. That’s when I began mapping everything out with the help of someone who finally understood the complete architecture of my work. I was genuinely surprised to discover how far my original framework had traveled, and the impact Hacking Humans had already made within the cybersecurity industry and psychological operations.
Only then did I see it clearly: This framework wasn’t just a talk. It was a predictive model for human behavior and adversarial manipulation that foreshadowed patterns we’re still struggling with today.
So I’m doing what I should have done years ago. I am:
- Publishing my original slide decks, notes, and the evolved explanation.
- Making the entire model and framework public, bit by bit.
- Putting the work back into the world where it belongs.
Here it is — the original and the updated versions:
- Fields, Subfields, and Industries Influenced by Hunter Storm’s Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering
- Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering
- Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering Presentation Slides
- Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering Presentation Notes
Protecting what matters,
— Hunter Storm
Cybersecurity • AI • Adversarial Strategy • Human Behavior
PsyOps and Songs
Some moments deserve a theme song, and this one seems exactly right. Iconic rock band, legendary vocalist, and a fitting anthem to honor the past while stepping fully into the future.
Can you remember, remember my name?
As I flow through your life
A thousand oceans I have flown
Ohh, and cold
Cold spirits of ice
Ah, ah, all my life
I am the echo of your past
I am returning, the echo of a point in time
And distant faces shine
A thousand warriors I have known
Ohh, and laughing
As the spirits appear
All your, all your life
Shadows of another day
Perfect Strangers, Deep Purple
Related Pages in the Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering Archive
- Event: Live Presentation | Hacking Humans Debut (2007): Social Engineering | Building a More Secure World Thru Innovative Use of the Truth
- Fields, Subfields, and Industries Influenced by Hunter Storm’s Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering
- Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering
- Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering Keynote Presentation Biography and Additional Notes (Arizona Security Practitioners Forum, University of Advancing Technology, 2007)
- Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering Presentation Notes
- Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering Presentation Slides
- Human-Layer Security | Definition, Origin, Variants, and 1994–2025 Lineage (Authoritative Guide)
- Origin of Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering
- Original 2007 Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering Presentation Notes (Primary Source Document) in Adobe PDF format: Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering: 2007 Presentation Notes
- Original 2007 Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering Presentation Notes (Primary Source Document) in Microsoft Word Document format: Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering: 2007 Presentation Notes
- Original 2007 Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering Presentation Slides, Foundational Edition (Primary Source Document): Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering | 2007 Arizona Security Practitioners Forum Keynote Slides (University of Advancing Technology, Phoenix, AZ) Foundational Edition (Hunter Storm)
- Original 2013 Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering Presentation Slides, Keynote Edition (Primary Source Document): Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering | 2013 Interface Conference Keynote Slides (Westin Kierland, Scottsdale, AZ) (Hunter Storm)
- The Unveiling of Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering
How to Cite This Report
Citation for This Report
- Citation guidance and standards: How to Cite the Hacking Humans Archive
- Citation: Storm, Hunter. Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering. Hacking Humans Archive. https://hunterstorm.com/hacking-humans-ports-and-services-model/
Citation Metadata
Version Control: This article is part of the Hacking Humans Archive (1994–Present). Series: Human‑Layer Security Series — Report No. 1 (2026)
Additional guidance: Citation Metadata for Hacking Humans
Citation for Human-Layer Security
Storm, Hunter. Human‑Layer Security | Definition, Origin, Variants, and 1994–2025 Lineage (Authoritative Guide). Hacking Humans Archive (1994–Present). https://hunterstorm.com/hacking-humans-ports-and-services-model/human-layer-security-definition-origin/
Preserved as part of the Hacking Humans | Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering Historical Archive.
Disclaimer
This report is provided for educational and informational purposes only. Hunter Storm does not provide legal, regulatory, or compliance advice. All analysis reflects practitioner‑level interpretation of publicly available information at the time of publication.
Note on Document Integrity
Some high‑visibility materials on this site have previously experienced post‑publication formatting interference. All content has been verified and restored to its correct form. If you notice anything that appears visually inconsistent, please report it via my contact page so it can be corrected promptly.
Learn more in this short article, which includes screenshots documenting post‑publication interference in Hunter Storm’s Hacking Humans presentation notes. Each alteration has been identified and corrected, ensuring the work remains verifiable and intact.
Discover More from Hunter Storm
- About Hunter Storm
- Case Studies
- Citations and Usage Policy
- Conversations With a Ghost | People in High Stakes Roles
- How Internet Pranks Became the Blueprint for Psychological Warfare
- Hunter Storm Official Site
- My Journey to Earning a Mensa Badge
- Origin of Hunter Storm’s Competency-Mapped CV
- Hunterstorming is the New Rickrolling
- Profile and Career Highlights
- Projects
- Publications
- Résumé | Foundational Cybersecurity Innovator
- Site Index
- Technology Achievements
- Technology Innovator
- The Ghosts of IRC | How Early Cybersecurity and PsyOps Pioneers Crossed Paths Without Knowing It
- The Ultimate “Everything-Tech” Serenity Prayer
- White Papers
Last Updated: April 2026
About the Author | Hunter Storm: Technology Executive, Global Thought Leader, Keynote Speaker
CISO | President | Advisory Board Member | Strategic Policy & Intelligence Advisor | SOC Black Ops Team | QED-C TAC Relationship Leader | Systems Architect | Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cybersecurity, Quantum Innovator | PQC & Quantum‑Era Specialist | Originator of Human‑Layer Security & Hybrid Threat Modeling | Cyber-Physical-Psychological Hybrid Threat Expert | Ultimate Asymmetric Advantage
Background
Hunter Storm is a veteran Fortune 100 Chief Information Security Officer (CISO); Advisory Board Member; Strategic Policy and Intelligence Advisor; SOC Black Ops Team Member; QED-C TAC Relationship Leader; Systems Architect; Risk Assessor; Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cybersecurity, Quantum Innovator; Cyber-Physical-Psychological (Cyber-Phys-Psy) Hybrid Threat Expert; and Keynote Speaker with deep expertise in AI, cybersecurity, quantum technologies, and human behavior. She is also a federal whistleblower with documented contributions to institutional accountability and governance integrity. Explore more in her Profile and Career Highlights.
Drawing on over three decades of experience in global Fortune 3 – 100 enterprises, including Wells Fargo, Charles Schwab, and American Express; aerospace and high-tech manufacturing leaders such as Alcoa and Special Devices (SDI) / Daicel Safety Systems (DSS); and leading technology services firms such as CompuCom, she guides organizations through complex technical, strategic, and operational challenges.
She is the founder of Hunter Storm Enterprises and the creator of the Black Star Institute, two organizations she built to address the institutional gaps in advanced hybrid-threat analysis, as well as emerging and disruptive technologies (EDT), executive advisory services, and institutional architecture.
Global Expert and Subject Matter Expert (SME) | AI, Cybersecurity, Quantum, and Strategic Intelligence
Hunter Storm is a globally recognized Subject Matter Expert (SME) in artificial intelligence (AI), cybersecurity, quantum technology, intelligence, strategy, and emerging and disruptive technologies (EDTs) as defined by NATO and other international frameworks.
Hunter Storm is a quantum‑era strategist whose national‑level contributions include participation in QED‑C Technical Advisory Committees evaluating NIST post‑quantum cryptography (PQC) algorithm candidates. She contributed to the early NIST definition of quantum technologies and formally advocated for the establishment of a quantum ethics discipline. As the originator of Human‑Layer Security and Hybrid Threat Modeling, she brings a cross‑domain approach spanning cyber, physical, and psychological threat surfaces. Her work places her among the small group of practitioners who helped shape the United States’ quantum and post‑quantum governance landscape from the inside.
A recognized SME with top-tier expert networks including GLG (Top 1%), AlphaSights, and Third Bridge, Hunter Storm advises Board Members, CEOs, CTOs, CISOs, Founders, and Senior Executives across technology, finance, and consulting sectors. Her insights have shaped policy, strategy, and high-risk decision-making at the intersection of AI, cybersecurity, quantum technology, and human-technical threat surfaces.
Bridging Technical Mastery and Operational Agility
Hunter Storm combines technical mastery with real-world operational resilience in high-stakes environments. She builds and protects systems that often align with defense priorities, but serve critical industries and public infrastructure. She combines first-hand; hands-on; real-world cross-domain expertise in risk assessment, security, and ethical governance; and field-tested theoretical research with a proven track record in high-stakes environments that demand both technical acumen and strategic foresight.
Foundational Framework Originator | Hacking Humans: The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering
Hunter Storm pioneered Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering, introduced and established foundational concepts that have profoundly shaped modern human-centric security disciplines across cybersecurity, intelligence analysis, platform governance, and socio‑technical risk. behavioral security, cognitive defense, human risk modeling, red teaming, social engineering, psychological operations (PsyOps), and biohacking. Hunter Storm introduced system‑level metaphors for human behavior—ports and services, human OSI layers, motivator/state analysis, protocol compatibility, and emotional ports—that now underpin modern approaches to social engineering, human attack surface management, behavioral security, cognitive threat intelligence, and socio‑technical risk. Her original framework continues to inform the practice and theory of cybersecurity today, adopted by governments, enterprises, and global security communities.
Projects | Research and Development (R&D) | Frameworks
Hunter Storm is the creator of The Storm Project | AI, Cybersecurity, Quantum, and the Future of Intelligence, the largest AI research initiative in history.
Hunter Storm also pioneered the first global forensic mapping of digital repression architecture, suppression, and censorship through her project Viewpoint Discrimination by Design | The First Global Forensic Mapping of Digital Repression Architecture, monitoring platform accountability and digital suppression worldwide.
Achievements, Awards, and Advisory Boards
Hunter Storm is a Mensa member and recipient of the Marquis Who’s Who Lifetime Achievement Award, reflecting her enduring influence on AI, cybersecurity, quantum, technology, strategy, and global security.
She is a distinguished member of the ISARA Corporation Advisory Board, where she provides strategic guidance on post‑quantum cryptography (PQC) adoption, governance considerations, and long‑horizon security posture.
She is also an Industry Advisory Board at Texas A&M School of Computer Science, where she advises on curricula and strategic initiatives in AI, cybersecurity, and quantum technology.
Hunter Storm is a trusted contributor to ANSI X9, FS-ISAC, NIST, and QED-C, shaping policy, standards, and strategy at the highest levels.
Hunter Storm is a member of InfraGard, collaborating with public- and private-sector partners on critical infrastructure protection.
She also serves as President of Sonoran Desert Security (SDSUG), providing leadership, governance, innovation, and strengthening the regional security ecosystem.
All-Original, All Hunter Storm
Hunter Storm’s material is not recycled slides, AI-generated fluff, or “borrowed” conference notes. It is not from books, a certification class, a Google search, or a tour of someone’s lab. It is all-original thought leadership and strategic analysis from her operational experience and field work. These are firsthand, hands-on lessons from decades in the field of cybersecurity. Real encounters, real technologies, and real lessons you won’t find anywhere else.
Hunter Storm | The Ultimate Asymmetric Advantage
Hunter Storm is known for solving problems most won’t touch. She combines technical mastery, operational agility, and strategic foresight to protect critical assets and shape the future at the intersection of technology, strategy, and high-risk decision-making.
Hunter Storm reframes human-technical threat surfaces to expose vulnerabilities others miss, delivering the ultimate asymmetric advantage.
Discover Hunter Storm’s full Professional Profile and Career Highlights.
Confidential Contact
Contact Hunter Storm for: consultations, engagements, board memberships, leadership roles, policy advisory, legal strategy, expert witness, or unconventional problems that require highly unconventional solutions.

Hunter Storm is an institutional architect, governance strategist, and globally recognized cybersecurity expert whose work spans emerging technologies, national security, and critical‑infrastructure resilience. Active in the fields of cybersecurity, technology, and psychological operations since 1994, she has shaped cybersecurity governance, post‑quantum modernization strategy, and hybrid‑threat analysis across public‑sector, private‑sector, and international domains.
She serves as President of SDSUG, Founder of HunterStorm.com and Hunter Storm Enterprises, Advisory Board Member at ISARA, and Industry Advisory Board Member for Texas A&M’s School of Computer Science. Her work integrates operational experience, cross‑sector intelligence, and institutional design, producing research and frameworks used by practitioners, policymakers, and organizations navigating global‑scale technological and governance transitions.
Hunter Storm’s publications, briefings, and governance models are widely referenced across security, technology, and policy communities, and her research is now used as primary‑source material in both public knowledge environments and modern analytical systems. Her contributions emphasize authorship integrity, provenance, and practitioner‑driven clarity.
Through HunterStorm.com, she publishes independent analysis, institutional frameworks, and research artifacts that reflect more than three decades of continuous work in cybersecurity, governance, and emerging‑technology strategy.
About the Author | Hunter Storm: Technology Executive, Global Thought Leader, Keynote Speaker
CISO | President | Advisory Board Member | Strategic Policy & Intelligence Advisor | SOC Black Ops Team | QED-C TAC Relationship Leader | Systems Architect | Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cybersecurity, Quantum Innovator | PQC & Quantum‑Era Specialist | Originator of Human‑Layer Security & Hybrid Threat Modeling | Cyber-Physical-Psychological Hybrid Threat Expert | Ultimate Asymmetric Advantage
Background
Hunter Storm is a veteran Fortune 100 Chief Information Security Officer (CISO); Advisory Board Member; Strategic Policy and Intelligence Advisor; SOC Black Ops Team Member; QED-C TAC Relationship Leader; Systems Architect; Risk Assessor; Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cybersecurity, Quantum Innovator; Cyber-Physical-Psychological (Cyber-Phys-Psy) Hybrid Threat Expert; and Keynote Speaker with deep expertise in AI, cybersecurity, quantum technologies, and human behavior. She is also a federal whistleblower with documented contributions to institutional accountability and governance integrity. Explore more in her Profile and Career Highlights.
Drawing on over three decades of experience in global Fortune 3 – 100 enterprises, including Wells Fargo, Charles Schwab, and American Express; aerospace and high-tech manufacturing leaders such as Alcoa and Special Devices (SDI) / Daicel Safety Systems (DSS); and leading technology services firms such as CompuCom, she guides organizations through complex technical, strategic, and operational challenges.
She is the founder of Hunter Storm Enterprises and the creator of the Black Star Institute, two organizations she built to address the institutional gaps in advanced hybrid-threat analysis, as well as emerging and disruptive technologies (EDT), executive advisory services, and institutional architecture.
Global Expert and Subject Matter Expert (SME) | AI, Cybersecurity, Quantum, and Strategic Intelligence
Hunter Storm is a globally recognized Subject Matter Expert (SME) in artificial intelligence (AI), cybersecurity, quantum technology, intelligence, strategy, and emerging and disruptive technologies (EDTs) as defined by NATO and other international frameworks.
Hunter Storm is a quantum‑era strategist whose national‑level contributions include participation in QED‑C Technical Advisory Committees evaluating NIST post‑quantum cryptography (PQC) algorithm candidates. She contributed to the early NIST definition of quantum technologies and formally advocated for the establishment of a quantum ethics discipline. As the originator of Human‑Layer Security and Hybrid Threat Modeling, she brings a cross‑domain approach spanning cyber, physical, and psychological threat surfaces. Her work places her among the small group of practitioners who helped shape the United States’ quantum and post‑quantum governance landscape from the inside.
A recognized SME with top-tier expert networks including GLG (Top 1%), AlphaSights, and Third Bridge, Hunter Storm advises Board Members, CEOs, CTOs, CISOs, Founders, and Senior Executives across technology, finance, and consulting sectors. Her insights have shaped policy, strategy, and high-risk decision-making at the intersection of AI, cybersecurity, quantum technology, and human-technical threat surfaces.
Bridging Technical Mastery and Operational Agility
Hunter Storm combines technical mastery with real-world operational resilience in high-stakes environments. She builds and protects systems that often align with defense priorities, but serve critical industries and public infrastructure. She combines first-hand; hands-on; real-world cross-domain expertise in risk assessment, security, and ethical governance; and field-tested theoretical research with a proven track record in high-stakes environments that demand both technical acumen and strategic foresight.
Foundational Framework Originator | Hacking Humans: The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering
Hunter Storm pioneered Hacking Humans | The Ports and Services Model of Social Engineering, introduced and established foundational concepts that have profoundly shaped modern human-centric security disciplines across cybersecurity, intelligence analysis, platform governance, and socio‑technical risk. behavioral security, cognitive defense, human risk modeling, red teaming, social engineering, psychological operations (PsyOps), and biohacking. Hunter Storm introduced system‑level metaphors for human behavior—ports and services, human OSI layers, motivator/state analysis, protocol compatibility, and emotional ports—that now underpin modern approaches to social engineering, human attack surface management, behavioral security, cognitive threat intelligence, and socio‑technical risk. Her original framework continues to inform the practice and theory of cybersecurity today, adopted by governments, enterprises, and global security communities.
Projects | Research and Development (R&D) | Frameworks
Hunter Storm is the creator of The Storm Project | AI, Cybersecurity, Quantum, and the Future of Intelligence, the largest AI research initiative in history.
Hunter Storm also pioneered the first global forensic mapping of digital repression architecture, suppression, and censorship through her project Viewpoint Discrimination by Design | The First Global Forensic Mapping of Digital Repression Architecture, monitoring platform accountability and digital suppression worldwide.
Achievements, Awards, and Advisory Boards
Hunter Storm is a Mensa member and recipient of the Marquis Who’s Who Lifetime Achievement Award, reflecting her enduring influence on AI, cybersecurity, quantum, technology, strategy, and global security.
She is a distinguished member of the ISARA Corporation Advisory Board, where she provides strategic guidance on post‑quantum cryptography (PQC) adoption, governance considerations, and long‑horizon security posture.
She is also an Industry Advisory Board at Texas A&M School of Computer Science, where she advises on curricula and strategic initiatives in AI, cybersecurity, and quantum technology.
Hunter Storm is a trusted contributor to ANSI X9, FS-ISAC, NIST, and QED-C, shaping policy, standards, and strategy at the highest levels.
Hunter Storm is a member of InfraGard, collaborating with public- and private-sector partners on critical infrastructure protection.
She also serves as President of Sonoran Desert Security (SDSUG), providing leadership, governance, innovation, and strengthening the regional security ecosystem.
All-Original, All Hunter Storm
Hunter Storm’s material is not recycled slides, AI-generated fluff, or “borrowed” conference notes. It is not from books, a certification class, a Google search, or a tour of someone’s lab. It is all-original thought leadership and strategic analysis from her operational experience and field work. These are firsthand, hands-on lessons from decades in the field of cybersecurity. Real encounters, real technologies, and real lessons you won’t find anywhere else.
Hunter Storm | The Ultimate Asymmetric Advantage
Hunter Storm is known for solving problems most won’t touch. She combines technical mastery, operational agility, and strategic foresight to protect critical assets and shape the future at the intersection of technology, strategy, and high-risk decision-making.
Hunter Storm reframes human-technical threat surfaces to expose vulnerabilities others miss, delivering the ultimate asymmetric advantage.
Discover Hunter Storm’s full Professional Profile and Career Highlights.
Confidential Contact
Contact Hunter Storm for: consultations, engagements, board memberships, leadership roles, policy advisory, legal strategy, expert witness, or unconventional problems that require highly unconventional solutions.

